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賓語從句用法詳解

一.賓語從句的定義

二.賓語從句中引導詞的用法

在復合句中作主句的賓語，引導詞有：

（一）that引導的賓語從句（在非正式場合that可以省略）

在以下情況中that不能省略

1. 當句中的動詞后接多于兩個由that引導的賓語從句時，第一個that可省，但后面的that不可省。
   例句：He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.
2. 當主句的謂語動詞與that賓語從句之間有插入語時，that一般不可省。
   例句：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.
3. 當that從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語時，that不可省。
   例句：I can’t tell him that his mother died.

（二）由whether,if 引導的賓語從句

只能用whether，不能用if引導的賓語從句

1. 在帶to的不定式前
   例句：We decided whether to walk there.
2. 在介詞的后面
   例句：I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.
3. 在動詞后面的賓語從句時
   例句：We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week
4. 直接與or not連用時
   例句：I can’t say whether or not thet can come on time.

只能用if不能用whether引導的賓語從句

1. if引導條件狀語從句，意為“如果”
   例句：The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.
2. if引導否定概念的賓語從句時
   例句：He asked if I didn’t come to school yesterday.
3. 引導狀語從句even if（即使）和as if（好象）時
   例句：He talks as if he has known all about it.

（三）連接代詞和連接副詞引導的賓語從句

三.賓語從句的語序

1. I don’t know what they are looking for.
2. Could you tell me when the train will leave?
3. Can you imagine what kind of man he is?

四.賓語從句的時態(tài)

1. 主句是一般現在時，從句根據實際情況使用任何時態(tài)。
   例句：The headmaster hopes everything goes well.
2. 主句是過去時態(tài)，從句須用過去時態(tài)的某種形式。
   例句：She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.
3. 當賓語從句表示的是一個客觀真理或者事實時，即使主句是過去時，從句也用一般現在時態(tài)。
   例句：The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.

五.賓語從句的特點

1. 賓語從句可以作及物動詞、介詞及形容詞的賓語。
2. 賓語從句的語序一律用陳述句語序。
3. 連接詞that引導賓語從句在句中無詞義，不充當句子成份，多數情況下可以省略。
4. whether 和 if 都可引導賓語從句，但 whether后可緊跟or not；whether從句可作介詞的賓語。
5. 如果從句太長，可以用形式賓語it.